Ukraine Opens Duty Cuts With Türkiye, Imports Benefit from 1 January 2027

Ukraine’s free trade agreement with Türkiye entered into force on Oct. 1, 2026, with lower duties for Ukrainian exports from that day and for Turkish imports from Jan. 1, 2027.

Ukraine’s free trade agreement with Türkiye entered into force on Oct. 1, 2026, cutting or removing duties on goods of Ukrainian and Turkish origin, with lower duties for Ukrainian goods entering Türkiye from that day and for Turkish goods entering Ukraine from Jan. 1, 2027¹.

The State Customs Service of Ukraine, which clears goods at Ukraine’s borders, announced the start on its website and set the codes that traders must use on customs declarations¹. The agreement was signed in Kyiv on Feb. 3, 2022, and ratified by Ukrainian Law No. 4932-IX of July 14, 2026¹.

In short, Ukrainian goods shipped to Türkiye can now cross with no duty or a lower duty, if they carry proof that they were made in Ukraine. Turkish goods shipped to Ukraine must wait until Jan. 1, 2027, for the same treatment².

What does the Ukraine-Türkiye agreement change?

The agreement sets up a free trade area between the two countries. Each side has its own tariff schedule, a list that sets the duty for each product. Under these schedules, goods are either exempt from duty or charged reduced rates¹.

The cut is not the same for every product. Some goods lose their duty completely, some get a lower duty, and some get a tariff quota or a longer transition². A tariff quota is a fixed amount of goods that may enter at zero or low duty; shipments above that amount pay the normal duty.

Ukraine’s Diia.Business portal, the government’s service for entrepreneurs, says the agreement creates a separate preferential trade regime between the two countries². Preferential here means better than the normal duty that applies to all other countries.

Which goods does the agreement cover?

The agreement covers goods in chapters 01 to 97 of the Harmonized System, the world customs list that sorts every product by code¹.

Coverage alone is not enough for a lower duty. The goods must also originate in Ukraine or in Türkiye under the agreement’s rules of origin¹. Rules of origin are the tests that decide where a product was made, for example how much work was done in the country.

The exact benefit depends on the product’s tariff line and on the schedule of the country that imports it². The same Diia.Business notice lists what traders need before shipping: the Ukrainian product code (UKTZED), the right tariff schedule, whether a quota applies, the origin rules, and the document that proves origin².

Why are the start dates different for each direction?

The two sides start their duty cuts at different times. For Ukrainian exports to Türkiye, the lower duties apply from Oct. 1, 2026¹. For imports of Turkish goods into Ukraine, they apply from Jan. 1, 2027¹.

This means a gap of three months. During that time, a Ukrainian exporter selling to Türkiye already gets the benefit. A Ukrainian importer buying from Türkiye still pays Ukraine’s normal duty until the end of 2026.

The customs notice does not give a reason for the gap. It only sets the two dates and the codes that apply from each¹.

How do the customs codes 429 and 430 work?

Each customs declaration carries a code that tells the officer which tariff benefit is claimed. The State Customs Service set two such codes for this agreement¹.

For goods exported from Ukraine to Türkiye from Oct. 1, 2026, the codes are¹:

• Code 429: cancellation of the export duty.
• Code 430: an export tariff quota.

For goods of Turkish origin imported into Ukraine from Jan. 1, 2027, the same numbers have an import meaning¹:

• Code 429: cancellation or reduction of the import duty.
• Code 430: an import tariff quota.

The numbers stay the same in both directions, but their meaning depends on whether the goods leave or enter Ukraine. A customs broker filling in a declaration must therefore check the direction of trade as well as the code.

What proof of origin must a shipment carry?

A shipment gets the lower duty only if its origin is confirmed. The customs notice names two kinds of proof: a EUR.1 movement certificate or a declaration of origin¹. A EUR.1 certificate is a form that confirms where the goods come from. A declaration of origin is the exporter’s own statement of where the goods were made.

Customs uses a code for each kind of proof, taken from its official list of document codes¹:

• 0954: the EUR.1 movement certificate.
• 7012: a declaration of origin made out by an approved exporter, under Article 22 of Appendix I to the Regional Convention on Pan-Euro-Mediterranean Preferential Rules of Origin.
• 7016: a declaration of origin made out by any exporter for a shipment of one or more packages whose total value is no more than 6,000 euros.

An approved exporter is a company that customs has authorised to declare origin itself, without a certificate for each shipment. Smaller shipments up to 6,000 euros can use an exporter’s declaration under code 7016¹. Larger shipments need a EUR.1 certificate or a declaration by an approved exporter.

The Pan-Euro-Mediterranean Convention is a regional treaty with shared origin rules. By naming it, the customs notice links this agreement’s origin proofs to that treaty¹.

What did the government say the deal offers exporters?

The Ministry of Economy published the main figures when the Cabinet of Ministers approved the draft agreement, shortly before it was signed. It said Türkiye would set a 0% import duty on 10,337 product items, equal to 95% of the goods Ukraine exported³. Tariff quotas or reduced duties would apply to another 1,348 items³.

The ministry listed several sector effects³:

• Grain: Türkiye sets a 0% duty on imports of cereal crops.
• Industrial goods: Türkiye fully removes its import duties.
• Metals: Türkiye sets a zero duty on 510 of 840 metal products and lower duties on another 130.
• Metal quotas: quotas of at least 411,000 tonnes are offered for 167 metal products.

These are the ministry’s figures from the time of approval. The customs notice of Oct. 1 does not repeat them¹.

What does Ukraine keep for its own market?

Ukraine did not open every line at once. The ministry said Ukraine keeps the right to charge an export duty on scrap metal, to support its own steel industry³.

Ukraine also keeps its duties on used cars and second-hand goods³. It set three- and five-year transition periods for duties on motor vehicles and light industry products³. A transition period is a time during which the duty falls step by step instead of all at once.

The ministry also said goods made from Turkish raw materials would count as Ukrainian-made. Under the EUR.1 certificate, such goods could then be sold in European countries without duty³.

Who is affected, and how much trade is at stake?

Türkiye is already one of Ukraine’s biggest buyers. In January to August 2026, Ukraine exported almost $2.1 billion of goods to Türkiye, the second-largest market after Poland, according to customs figures⁴. Poland took more than $3.2 billion and Germany more than $1.7 billion⁴.

Each group of traders faces a different change:

• Ukrainian exporters can claim lower Turkish duties from Oct. 1, 2026, with codes 429 or 430 and a proof of origin¹.
• Ukrainian importers of Turkish goods pay normal Ukrainian duties for now and can claim the preference from Jan. 1, 2027¹.
• Turkish makers need proof of Turkish origin, such as a EUR.1 certificate, for their buyers in Ukraine to claim the lower duty¹.
• Customs brokers must enter the right preference code and the right origin document code on each declaration¹.

How did the agreement reach this point?

The agreement was signed in Kyiv on Feb. 3, 2022¹. Ukraine’s parliament, the Verkhovna Rada, ratified it with Law No. 4932-IX of July 14, 2026⁵. The ratification law was printed in the official newspapers Holos Ukrainy on Aug. 4, 2026, and Uriadovyi Kurier on Aug. 5, 2026⁶. It entered into force on Aug. 14, 2026⁵.

The parliament’s legal database now lists the agreement as in force for Ukraine from Oct. 1, 2026⁷. The full agreement and its annexes were added to the database on Aug. 13, 2026⁷.

The next step is the start of Ukraine’s import preferences on Jan. 1, 2027¹. From that day, Turkish goods with valid proof of origin can enter Ukraine at lower or zero duty.

Key points on the Ukraine-Türkiye free trade agreement

The table sums up the main facts for traders.

Ukrainian goods with proof of origin already enter Türkiye at lower or zero duty. On Jan. 1, 2027, Turkish goods entering Ukraine get the same treatment under codes 429 and 430¹.

Sources

1. ↩ Україна та Туреччина переходять до нового режиму торгівлі: які можливості відкриються для суб’єктів ЗЕД? | Державна Митна Служба http://customs.gov.ua/news/zagalne-20/post/ukrayina-ta-turechchina-perekhodiat-do-novogo-rezhimu-torgivli-iaki-mozhlivosti-vidkriiutsia-dlia-subiektiv-zed-3019
2. ↩ Набрала чинності Угода про вільну торгівлю між Україною та Туреччиною: що змінюється для бізнесу https://business.diia.gov.ua/news/nabrala-chynnosti-uhoda-pro-vilnu-torhivliu-mizh-ukrainoiu-ta-turechchynoiu-shcho-zminiuietsia-dlia-biznesu
3. ↩ The government approves the Free Trade Agreement between Ukraine and Turkey | Ministry of Economy and Environment of Ukraine https://me.gov.ua/News/Detail?lang=en-GB&id=16452e64-8108-4387-831c-bd6f1c59aaa1&title=TheGovernmentApprovesTheFreeTradeAgreementBetweenUkraineAndTurkey
4. ↩ Економічний портал Чернігівської області https://www.chernihiv-oblast.gov.ua/oglyad_zed/zz_oglyad/
5. ↩ Про ратифікацію Угоди про ві… | від 14.07.2026 № 4932-IX https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4932-20
6. ↩ Про ратифікацію Угоди про ві… | від 14.07.2026 № 4932-IX (Текст для друку) https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4932-20/print
7. ↩ Угода про вільну торгівлю між Урядом У… | від 03.02.2022 (Текст для друку) https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/792_002-22/print