Viet Nam Imposes New Voice Biometrics and 6 GHz Equipment Standards

Viet Nam has introduced comprehensive technical standards for voice biometrics devices and 6 GHz radio access equipment, requiring strict compliance in design, recording, and emissions to ensure national identity and spectrum management frameworks

Compliance Requirements for Voice Biometrics Devices and 6 GHz Radio Access Equipment in Viet Nam

Direct Answer

Viet Nam has established two distinct national technical regulations to govern voice biometrics devices and 6 GHz radio access equipment. Voice biometrics systems must comply with recording standards, acoustic conditions, and biometric data integrity under a draft National Technical Regulation on Voice Biometric¹, while 6 GHz radio access equipment is regulated by QCVN xxx:2025/BKHCN², which sets technical specifications, emission limits, and spectrum-sharing requirements for wireless access systems (WAS/RLAN).

Regulation Analysis

1. Voice Biometrics Devices

Applicable Regulation

• Draft National Technical Regulation on Voice Biometric (QCVN …:202…/BCA)¹.

Key Requirements

• Recording Conditions:
  • Age and Health: Voice samples must be collected from individuals aged ≥6 years (initial sample) and updated at 14–25, 25–40, and 40–60 years¹. Citizens must certify normal voice, health, and psychological condition at the time of recording¹.
  • Acoustic Environment:
  • RT60 (reverberation time) and SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) must meet unspecified thresholds to ensure clarity¹.
  • Cabinets or anechoic rooms are recommended for high-quality recordings¹.
  • Technical Specifications:
  • Sampling Rate: ≥16,000 Hz¹.
  • Bit Depth: ≥16 bits¹.
  • File Format: Uncompressed WAV (raw audio) with metadata (e.g., timestamp, recording conditions) in XML schema¹.
  • Microphone Sensitivity: Must meet dBV/Pa standards (specific thresholds not provided)¹.
  • Biometric Evaluation:
  • Systems must align with NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation (SRE) Guidelines for performance testing¹.
  • Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) must be calculated per ANSI S3.5-1997¹.
  • Signal measurement must comply with ITU-T P.56¹.

Authority

• Ministry of Public Security (BCA)¹.

2. 6 GHz Radio Access Equipment

Applicable Regulation

• National Technical Regulation on Radio Access Equipment Operating in the 6 GHz Band (QCVN xxx:2025/BKHCN)².

Key Requirements

• Frequency Bands:
  • Transmit/Receive: 5,945–6,425 MHz².
  • Channel Bandwidth: 20 MHz (nominal), with support for multi-channel aggregation (e.g., 40 MHz, 80 MHz)².
• Emission Limits:
  • Power Spectral Density (PSD) Mask:
  • Adjacent Channels: Emissions must not exceed 0 dBr for a 40 MHz bandwidth if only one channel is used².
  • Non-Adjacent Channels: Separate PSD masks apply for each channel/group².
  • Spurious Emissions (Receiver Mode): Unspecified limits, but emissions must be measured per 3.4.6².
• Spectrum Sharing:
  • Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS): Required to avoid interference with other services (e.g., radar)².
  • Channel Center Frequency: Must be calculated as fc = 5,935 + (nch × 20) MHz ± 200 kHz, where 1 ≤ nch ≤ 24².
• Testing Standards:
  • IEEE 802.11ax-2021 (for WAS/RLAN)².
  • ETSI EN 300 296-1 (for analog speech devices)³.
• Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC):
  • Must comply with QCVN 18:2022/BTTTT for radio equipment³.

Authority

• Ministry of Science and Technology (BKHCN)^{2, 3}.

Comparison Table

Additional Context

• Cryptographic Requirements: While not directly related to voice biometrics or 6 GHz equipment, Viet Nam’s QCVN 12:2022/BQP⁴ regulates cryptographic technical specifications for IPsec/TLS security products, which may apply to biometric data transmission systems.
• EMC Compliance: Both voice biometrics (if electronic) and 6 GHz equipment must adhere to QCVN 18:2022/BTTTT for electromagnetic compatibility³.
• Conformity Assessment: Products must undergo certification and market surveillance per Thông tư 28/2012/TT-BKHCN and TCVN ISO/IEC 17067:2015⁵.

Summary Answer

Viet Nam enforces separate compliance frameworks for voice biometrics and 6 GHz radio access equipment. Voice biometrics devices must meet recording quality standards (e.g., ≥16,000 Hz sampling rate, WAV format) and biometric evaluation guidelines (NIST SRE, ANSI S3.5-1997) under a draft regulation by the Ministry of Public Security¹. 6 GHz radio access equipment is governed by QCVN xxx:2025/BKHCN, which mandates emission limits (e.g., 0 dBr for 40 MHz bandwidth), spectrum-sharing mechanisms (DFS), and IEEE 802.11ax compliance, overseen by the Ministry of Science and Technology^{2, 3}. Both categories require EMC certification³, and related cryptographic products fall under QCVN 12:2022/BQP⁴. All regulations apply to domestic and foreign entities operating in Viet Nam^{1, 2}.

Sources

1. ↩ WTO TBT notification 25-09253 — Viet Nam https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2025/TBT/VNM/25_09253_00_x.pdf
2. ↩ WTO TBT notification 25-07030 — Viet Nam https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2025/TBT/VNM/25_07030_00_x.pdf
3. ↩ WTO TBT notification 25-06856 — Viet Nam https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2025/TBT/VNM/25_06856_00_x.pdf
4. ↩ Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade – Notification – Viet Nam – Cryptographic technical characteristics of IP stream security products https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=Q:/G/TBTN25/VNM380.pdf&Open=True
5. ↩ Draft National technical  regulation  on  safety  and  electromagnetic  compatibility  (EMC)  of  LED  lighting products https://members.wto.org/crnattachments/2025/TBT/VNM/25_03198_00_x.pdf